Flying-machine.



E. E. PORTER.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 18, 1911.

Patented Feb. 4, 1913.

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man/vars warren snares earner EDGAR EUGENE roman, or nivsrny, ALABAMA.

FLYING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. v Application filed November 18, 1911. Serial No. 661,007.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR E. PORTER, a citizen of'the United States, and a resident of. Ensley, in the county of Jefferson and State of"Alaba1na, have invented a new and useful Improvement'in Flying-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to. flying machines in which the turbine or'aerial screw propeller is revolved either horizontally or vertically for-thedouble purpose of both supporting and propelling;

The novel construction of the aerial screw propeller by which a single screw is made to do the double purpose of supporting and propelling consists in automatically oscillating the blades during each revolution, and decreasing the pitch in like amount on the opposite side, so that this form of screw has constantly a greater pitch and a greater pull on one side of its rotation than on the opposite side. The screw is thus unbalanced, and

of levers by which the pitch may be variedon-0ne or on both sides.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side view of one embodiment of the improvement,

artly in section; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the blade changing mechanism; Fig. 3 is a plan view; and Fig. 4 is a side view of a part of Fig; 2. V

In the embodiment of the invention shown the propeller consists of a shank 1 provided at each end with a blade 2 and 3 respectively. The planes ofthe blades are at any desired anglesto each-other, and the propeller is mounted to rotate on a vertical axis .perpendicular to the shank. The blades form an aerial screw, and it will be evident that the rotation of the blade will cause a lifting of the propeller and axis. Any suitable supporting and mounting mechanism may be provided for the blades, the present isintegral with the 'top of the housing. A:

diametrically of the gear ring. A bevel gear wheel 8 is in mesh with the gear ring 6 and the said wheel is secured to a shaft 9. The shaft 9 is journaled in a bearing 10 on an arm 11, extending upwardly from the frame. '12 of the aeroplane, and is operated by any suitable motor to rotate the propeller. An

arm 13 is provided with a fork 14, whose arms engage the sides of the shank and are pivoted thereto by a pin 15. The arm 13 extends into the housing 5 through the central opening 16 of the ring 6, and a block 17 is slidable on the arm in the housing. A bar 18 is arranged 1n the shaft 4, and the upper end of the bar extends into the housing and is provided with a fork 19. The block 17 is provided with oppositely extending trunnions 20, and the trunnions are journaled in the adjacent arms of the fork. The said arms are'bent laterally, as shown in Fig. 1, for a purpose to be described later. The

lower end of the bar 18 is formed so as to bar 18from rotating with the shaft. As the "shaft 4 rotates, the sleeve 17 will be held in place, and the arm 13 will rotate in the said sleeve, and will'oscillate the propeller blade in proportion as theangle arm 13 changes its angle withlthe shaft 4. One face of the bar 18 is provided with a series 21 of rack teeth. The said-teeth mesh *with a pinion 22 on one endzof a shaft 23 journaled in the frame 12, and provided at the other end with anangular arm or lever 24. By turn ing the lever 24, the sleeve 17 is moved along the arm 13, changing its angle and thereby the amount of oscillation of: the propeller blades. v, The housing 6 is encircled by a-ring 25 at ts small end,-.and the ring is connected to the bearing 10 by means of arms 26, ex-

tending-outwardly from the said bearing,

to pass'outside of the gear wheel, and thence inwardly to a connection with the ring. 3

The polygonal portion 'ofthe shaft 18 Patented Feb. 4, 1913.

being nr the propeller the angle of the arm 13 with respect to the axis of rotation of the propeller will be varied. When the shaft 19 is rotated, the housing 4 is also rotated and the propeller 1, 2, 3, is rotated on an axis transverse to the shank 1 of the said propeller.

.The hollow shaft 4, the housing 5, and the gear wheel 6, are integral and rotate together. The arm 13 is connected to the bar 18 byan annular joint connection, and the saidarm 13 rotates on its longitudinal axis during the rotation of the hollow shaft or housing 4. By oscillating the shaft 23, the sleeve 17 is moved nearer to or farther away from. the arm 13 with the propeller shaft, in order to change the angle of the arm 13 with the said hollow shaft or housing 4. It

will be evident that when the shaft 9 is rotated to turn the gear 6, while the shaft 18 is held fixed, the pitch of the blades will be varied, increasing the oscillation in one direction to amaximum when the shaft has ranged diametrically of the gear wheel on its upper face a propeller comprising a shank journaled in the bearings, and a blade at each end thereof, a shaft in the hollow shaft and extending into the housing, a lever in thehousing provided with a fork engaging the shank, a sleeve on the lever, said shaft having a lateral fork at its up- .perlend, the arms of the lateral fork being ivoted to the sleeve, a driving shaft, a

' evel gear wheel on the shaft engaging the first named bevel gear wheel, and means for changing the angle of thelever with respect tothe axisof rotation, said means comprising a rack bar on the shaft, a pinion meshing therewith, a shaft on which the pinion is secured, a lever secured to the shaft, and means engaging the shaft for preventing rotation'thereof.

- 2. In combination, a hollow shaft provided with a bevel gear wheel at its upper end, and with 'a' housing between the gear wheel and the shaft, said housingtapering toward the gear wheel, spaced bearings ar- "ranged diametrically of the gear wheel on {its upper face, a' pro eller comprising a shank ournale'd in the 'earings, and ablade' at each end thereof, a' shaft in the hollow shaft and extendingintothe housing, a lever in the housing provided with a fork engaging the shank, a sleeve on the lever, said shaft havinga lateral fork at its upper end, the arms of the lateral'fork being pivoted to the sleeve, a driving shaft, a bevel gear wheel on the shaft engaging the first named bevel gear wheel, and means for varying the angle of the lever with respect to the axis of rotation of the propeller.

3. In combination, a hollow shaft provided with a bevel gear wheel at its upper end, and with a housing between the gear wheel and the shaft, said housing tapering toward the gear wheel, spaced bearings arranged diametrically of the gear wheel on its upper face, a propeller comprising a shank j ournaled in the bearings, and a blade at each end thereof, a shaft in the hollow shaft and extending into the housing, a lever in the housing provided with a fork engaging the shank, a sleeve on the lever, said shaft having a lateral fork at its upper end, the arms 0 the lateral fork being pivoted to the sleeve, means for engaging the gear wheel for rotating the same, and means for varying the angle of the lever with respect to the axis of rotation of the propeller.

4:. In combination, a propeller comprising a shank provided at each end with a blade, said blades being oppositely arranged and the planes of the blades being inclined with respect to the axis of rotation of the propeller, a lever provided with a fork engaging the shank and pivoted thereto, means for rotating the propeller on axis transverse to the center of the shank, and means for oscillating the lever, said means comprising a shaft having a lateral fork, a sleeve on the lever to which the arms of the fork are pivoted, and means for varying the angle of the lever with respect to the axis of rotation of the propeller.

' 5. In combination, a propeller comprising a shank provided at each end with a blade, said blades being oppositely arranged and the planes of the blades being inclined with respect to the axis of rotation of the propeller, a lever provided with a fork engaging the shank and pivoted thereto, means for rotating the propeller on an axis transverse to the center of the shank, and means, for varying the angle of the lever with respect to the axis of rotation of the propeller.

EDGAR EUGENE PORTER.

Witnesses:

J W. BUCHANAN, M. D. OowANH 

